OB-GYN
Perimenopause
We have expertise in perimenopause, the stage before menopause. We’ll provide treatment options for your symptoms and help you understand the process.
Medically reviewed by L. Elaine Waetjen, M.D. on Nov. 08, 2023.
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The nationally recognized providers at UC Davis Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology (OB-GYN) provide the highest quality of care. They are experts in detecting the signs of perimenopause and offer effective treatments for any symptoms you experience.
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What Is Perimenopause?
Perimenopause is the transition to menopause when you begin to skip periods. Your body stays in perimenopause until you stop menstruating for 12 consecutive months. At that point, you are in menopause.
Perimenopause begins between the ages of 40 and 45 for many women, although some begin earlier or later. The perimenopause phase may last 4 to 8 years or longer.
In perimenopause, levels of estrogen and progesterone begin to change as your body prepares for menopause. You may or may not experience symptoms during this transition.
Symptoms of Perimenopause
When you are in perimenopause, you may have very few symptoms. Or you may experience a range of changes in your body. You may have symptoms caused by hormone changes and/or the aging process. Some symptoms may last through menopause.
The most common perimenopause symptoms can include:
- Changes in menstrual cycle length or flow
- Hot flashes
- Vaginal dryness and pain during sex
- Mood changes
- Sleep problems
- Brain fog
- Weight gain
Causes of Perimenopause
For most women, perimenopause is a natural physical transition to menopause that begins in your 40s. However, this transition can start for some women due to a medical condition or procedure.
Age
For most women, perimenopause begins between the ages of 40 and 45.
Autoimmune Disease
An autoimmune disease may cause you to experience perimenopause before age 40.
Chemotherapy or Radiation Therapy
Cancer treatments, including chemotherapy and radiation therapy, can cause perimenopause to begin early.
Surgery
While having a hysterectomy stops your periods, surgery that removes your ovaries before menopause can trigger a transition to menopause. Hormone therapy after surgery can delay perimenopause.
Diagnosing Perimenopause
Because your hormones can fluctuate from one day to the next, there is no test that checks for perimenopause. Your provider may diagnose perimenopause after discussing:
- Your medical history
- Changes in your menstrual cycle
- Your symptoms
Treatment for Perimenopause
Our providers have specialized training and expertise to treat symptoms of perimenopause. Your treatment plan will focus on helping relieve your specific symptoms.
Hormone Therapy
Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) restores your levels of estrogen and, for women who still have a uterus, progesterone. MHT can improve hot flashes, sleep problems, vaginal dryness and other symptoms of perimenopause.
Lifestyle Changes
Certain lifestyle changes can relieve many symptoms of perimenopause. Ease hot flashes by wearing layers of clothing that you can easily remove. Incorporate a diet rich in fruits, vegetables and whole grains to combat weight gain. Commit to a consistent exercise regimen that includes strength training. To improve sleep, practice good sleep habits, such as turning off electronics and avoiding late-night snacking. Use a personal lubricant to reduce vaginal dryness.
Medications
We may prescribe medicines like antidepressants to treat mood symptoms and to relieve hot flashes.
Mood Symptoms in Perimenopause
4 in 10Women have mood symptoms during perimenopause
Source: The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, “Mood Changes During Perimenopause Are Real. Here’s What to Know”
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