Coccidioides immitis and Coccidioides posadasii are pathogenic dimorphic fungi responsible for causing coccidioidomycosis in the southwestern part of the United States, Central and South America.

The incidence of this disease continues to rise in endemic areas. Coccidioidomycosis typically begins as a respiratory illness and, in less than 1% of cases, disseminates to other anatomical sites.

Antifungal therapy is beneficial and entails careful periodic assessment with therapies ranging from none or short courses of therapy to prolonged or lifetime antifungal therapy. Factors that influence the decision to treat include the duration or severity of the infection, radiographic findings, complement fixation titers, the presence of underlying immunosuppression, and comorbidities. 

A cure for disseminated infection is infrequent with current treatment regimens. The following links provide an introduction to the epidemiology, diagnosis, clinical manifestations, and treatment options for Coccidioidomycosis.